food.wikisort.org - Dish

Search / Calendar

Shchi (Russian: щи, IPA: [ɕːi] (listen)) is a Russian-style cabbage soup. When sauerkraut is used instead, the soup is called sour shchi, while soups based on sorrel, spinach, nettle, and similar plants are called green shchi (Russian: зелёные щи, zelionyje shchi). In the past, the term sour shchi was also used to refer to a drink, a variation of kvass, which was unrelated to the soup.[1][2]

Shchi
A serving of shchi. This variant contains saffron milk-caps, a type of mushroom
TypeSoup
Place of originRussia
Main ingredientsCabbage or sauerkraut

History


Shchi (from Old East Slavic: съти, the plural of "съто" (s(i)to) - "something satisfying, feed")[3] is a traditional soup of Russia. Cabbage soups have been known in Kievan Rus as far back as the 9th century, soon after cabbage was introduced from Byzantium. Its popularity in Russia originates from several factors. Shchi is relatively easy to prepare; it can be cooked with or without various types of meat; and it can be frozen and carried as a solid on a trip to be cut up when needed. As a result, by the 10th century shchi became a staple food of Russia, and a popular saying sprang from this fact: "Щи да каша — пища наша." (Shchi da kasha — pishcha nasha "Shchi and kasha are our food"). The major components of shchi were originally cabbage, meat (beef, pork, lamb, or poultry), mushrooms, flour, and spices (based on onion and garlic). Cabbage and meat were cooked separately and smetana was added as a garnish before serving. Shchi is traditionally eaten with rye bread.[4][5]

The ingredients of shchi gradually changed. Flour, which was added in early times to increase the soup's caloric value, was excluded for the sake of finer taste. The spice mixture was enriched with black pepper and bay leaf, which were imported to Russia around the 15th century, also from Byzantium. Meat was sometimes substituted with fish, while carrot and parsley could be added to the vegetables. Beef was the most popular meat for shchi in Russia, while pork was more common in Ukraine. The water-to-cabbage ratio varied and whereas early shchi was often so viscous that a spoon could stand in it, more diluted preparation was adopted later.[4][5]


Linguistics


The two-letter word щи contains the letter щ, which is absent in most non-Cyrillic alphabets and is transcribed into them with several letters. In German, щи becomes eight letters, Schtschi.[6][7]


See also



References


  1. S.I. Ozhegov (1949–1992). "Щи". Dictionary of the Russian Language (Ozhegov) (in Russian). Retrieved 2016-04-06.
  2. Vladimir Dal (1863–1866). "Щи". Explanatory Dictionary of the Live Great Russian language (in Russian). Retrieved 2016-04-06.
  3. Tsyganenko G. P. Shchi // Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language: More than 5000 words. - 2nd ed., revised. and additional - K .: Radyan's school, 1989. - S. 499. - 511 p. — ISBN 5-330-00735-6. P. 499
  4. William Pokhlyobkin (2002). "Щи". Кулинарный словарь (in Russian). Центрполиграф. ISBN 5-227-00460-9.
  5. William Pokhlyobkin (2007). "Щи". Большая энциклопедия кулинарного искусства : все рецепты (in Russian). Центрполиграф. ISBN 978-5-9524-0274-4.
  6. Cremat (1894). Wortschatz und phraseologie der russischen sprache: mit grammatischen erläuterungen. Praktisches hilfsbuch zur erlernung des russischen. R. Gerhard. Retrieved 22 February 2011.
  7. Karl Baedeker (Firm) (1892). Russland: Handbuch für Reisende. K. Bædeker. p. xxvi. Retrieved 21 February 2011.

На других языках


- [en] Shchi

[es] Shchi

Shchi (ruso щи, pronunciado como [ɕːi]) es una sopa con col como ingrediente principal. Es muy popular en la Gastronomía de Rusia y de los países del Este de Europa. Una variante de esta sopa elaborada con acedera se denominaba en Rusia como shchi verde (Зелёные щи, zelyonye shchi).

[ru] Щи

Щи — классическое[1] национальное блюдо русской кухни, многокомпонентный заправочный суп[2], основу которого составляет рубленая белокочанная свежая или квашеная капуста, реже капустная рассада, савойская капуста, приготовляемый на костном или мясокостном или рыбном бульоне[3], грибном, овощном или крупяном отваре. Щи бывают вегетарианскими грибными, а также мясными, с птицей и рыбными[4]. Помимо капусты в зависимости от рецепта в щи добавляют картофель, крупы, свежие помидоры и яблоки[5]. Щи традиционно сервируют с пирожками, ватрушками, кулебякой, гречневой кашей или крупеником[6], для забелки подают сметану[7]. Наряду с борщом очень распространённое и популярное в русской кухне первое горячее блюдо[8].



Текст в блоке "Читать" взят с сайта "Википедия" и доступен по лицензии Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike; в отдельных случаях могут действовать дополнительные условия.

Другой контент может иметь иную лицензию. Перед использованием материалов сайта WikiSort.org внимательно изучите правила лицензирования конкретных элементов наполнения сайта.

2019-2025
WikiSort.org - проект по пересортировке и дополнению контента Википедии