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Mutton curry (also referred to as kosha mangsho,[1] lamb curry,[2] or goat curry[3][4]) is a dish that is prepared from goat meat (or sometimes lamb meat) and vegetables.[5] The dish is found in different variations across all states, countries and regions of South Asia and the Caribbean.

Mutton curry

Alternative names	Kosha Mangso
Type	Curry
Course	Main course
Place of origin	India, Bangladesh
Region or state	Indian subcontinent
Associated national cuisine	India, Bangladesh, Pakistan, Nepal, Guyana, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, Jamaica
Serving temperature	Hot
Main ingredients	Goat meat or mutton, tomato, onion, garlic, ginger, coriander leaves, Indian spices
Similar dishes	Goat curry

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Mutton curry was originally prepared putting all the ingredients together in a earthen pot and slow cooking the whole curry by wood fire on a clay oven.[6] Today it is cooked using pressure cookers and slow cookers after briefly sautéing all the ingredients and spices in a big wok.[6] The steadily cooked mutton becomes more tender than normally cooked mutton. Mutton curry is generally served with rice or with Indian breads, such as naan or parotta.[7] The dish can also be served with ragi, a cereal.[8]

Ingredients

Common ingredients used to prepare mutton curry[9] include: mutton or goat meat, salt, turmeric powder, mustard oil, ginger garlic paste, dahi (yogurt), assortment of spices, onion, chilli, tomato, and coriander leaves.[10]

Variations

This section is in list format but may read better as prose. (October 2019)

Kashmir

Mutton is a central part of Kashmiri cuisine. Both Hindus and Muslims prepare the same dishes but with different spices. While Kashmiri Muslims use onion and garlic in their dishes, the Kashmiri Hindus use hing and ginger powder instead of onion and garlic to increase the flavour of their dishes. Other ingredients, such as asafoetida, onions, saffron, red chili powder, fennel, cloves, cinnamon, mustard oil, and bay leaves may be used depending on the dish. Most of the mutton dishes are part of Wazwan, a meal of 36 courses which is served during weddings. Some of the important dishes include:

• Rista (meatballs in a fiery red gravy)
• Lahabi kabab or Moachi kabab (flattened mutton kababs cooked in yogurt)
• Daeni phoul (mutton dish)
• Doudha ras (mutton cooked in sweet milk gravy)
• Rogan josh (tender lamb cooked with Kashmiri spices)
• Tabak maaz (ribs of lamb simmered in yogurt till tender, then fried)
• Daniwal korma (a mutton curry with coriander)
• Waza palak (green spinach cooked with small mutton balls known as paliki riste)
• Aab gosh (lamb cooked in milk curry)
• Marchwangan korma (an extremely spicy lamb dish)
• Kabab (minced meat roasted on skewers over hot coals)
• Gushtaba (a velvety textured meatball in white yogurt gravy)

Odisha

In Odisha mutton curry is always made of khasi goat meat (meat of young castrated male goat). There are many varieties of goat meat curries prepared in Odisha. Simple and flavorful ingredients are used to prepare the curry and usually served with roti, naan or in Western Odisha, puffed rice (mudhi). Some of the popular curries are:[11]

• Mutton Kashā (Odia: ମାଂସ କଷା, romanized: Māṅså Kåṣā)
• Mutton Curry (Odia: ମାଂସ ତରକାରୀ, romanized: Māṅså Tårkāri)
• Mutton Roasted in Bamboo or Bamboo Mutton (Odia: ବାଉଁଶ ପୋଡ଼ା ମାଂସ, romanized: Bãuśå Poṛā Māṅså)
• Mutton Roasted in Leaf (Odia: ପତ୍ର ପୋଡ଼ା ମାଂସ, romanized: Påtrå Poṛā Māṅså)
• Mutton in Clay Pot (Odia: ମାଟି ହାଣ୍ଡି ମାଂସ, romanized: Māṭi Hāṇḍi Māṅså)
• Mutton Besar (Odia: ମାଂସ ବେସର, romanized: Māṅså Besår)

While mutton curry is usually eaten with rice, in Western Odisha Mangsa Kashā is particularly relished with mudhi (puffed rice). Mangsa Kashā is said to be the predecessor of the popular Bengali goat curry dish known as Kosha Mangsho most probably introduced by the Odia cooks who moved to West Bengal during the British rule to work in the kitchens of Bengali families.[12]

West Bengal

Kosha mangsho is the Bengali version of mutton curry. It traditionally has less juice and more gravy than mutton curries eaten in other parts of India.[13] This dish is prepared in a kosha style, which involves retaining the mutton's flavor and moisture using slow cooking and sautéeing methods.[14]

Kosha mangsho is traditionally prepared as part of the celebration of Kali Puja,[15] a festival dedicated to the Hindu goddess Kali, celebrated on the New Moon day of the Hindu month Kartik.

Railway mutton curry is a British Raj colonial-era dish that was served on long-distance trains.[16][17][18] The dish was served with dinner rolls.[16] Tamarind was originally used to extend its shelf life.[16] Some restaurants serve the dish in present-day times, such as Oh! Calcutta! restaurant in Kolkata, India.[19][20] Railway mutton curry is prepared using a coconut milk base.[20]

• Mutton curry variations
• 
  A pot of lamb curry
• 
  Roti cane with mutton curry (top)
• 
  Bamboo Mutton
• 
  Bengali mutton curry
• 
  Mutton Kosha
• 
  Luchi Maangsho
• 
  Mutton Chaap
• 
  Mutton Keema Kabab
• 
  Rogan josh
• 
  Mutton Pulao

Maharashtra

Black Mutton curry (also referred to as konkani black mutton) is a dish that is prepared from goat or lamb meat, charred coconuts, and a signature spice blend. The regional dish originated in the Konkani[21] district of Maharashtra, India.

Black Mutton curry was originally made by preparing a black spice paste consisting of charred coconuts, onions and peppers with spices which was then cooked low and slow in a cast iron wok. The cooked paste was added with the mutton along with fresh herbs and spices in an earthen pot and cooked low and slow till tender. The curry is typically served with breads such as naan, paratha or rice.

The dish utilizes a unique blend of spices called the Maharashtrian garam masala, which consists of cardamom, nutmeg, khus khus (poppy seeds), saunth (dried ginger), and many other Mughlai spices which lend the black mouton an intoxicating flavor and a robust color.[22]

Counterfeit variations

In 2012, in The Midlands, England, trading standards officers working undercover went to twenty restaurants that were randomly chosen and bought 39 lamb curry and kebab dishes.[23] Four of the dishes contained no lamb, instead using a mixture that contained beef, pork or chicken.[23] In the investigation, it was found that only three lamb curries out of the nineteen tested contained only lamb. Most were found to consist of a mixture of lamb with beef or chicken.[23] Additionally, all of the twenty lamb kebabs that were sampled contained meats in addition to lamb that was mixed with it, such as beef, pork or chicken.[23]

See also

• List of Indian dishes
• Cuisine of Odisha

References

External links

• "From Railway Mutton curry to Bedmi-aloo: When railway food was an affair to remember". The Indian Express.

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