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Baikal (Russian: Байкал) is a Soviet non-alcoholic beverage of dark-brown colour. The beverage's basis is water, but it also contains extracts of natural herbs, sugar, citric acid, carbon dioxide. Ingredients include black tea extract, Eleutherococcus senticosus, cardamom oil, eucalyptus oil, lemon oil,[1] liquorice, St. John's wort[2] and laurel.[3]

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Baikal

A bottle of Baikal 1977 sold in Finland
Type	Non-alcoholic beverage, Carbonated drink
Manufacturer	Chernogolovka
Country of origin	Soviet Union (1973) Russia (today)
Region of origin	Russia
Introduced	1973–present
Colour	Dark brown/red
Flavour	Sweet-spicy
Ingredients	extracts and oils of medicinal herbs and plants - black tea extract, eleutherococcus, lemon, cardamom and eucalyptus
Variants	Baikal 1977, Baikal Cherry

History

Baikal's production started in 1969. It was developed as a Soviet counterpart of Coca-Cola. After the beginning of Pepsi Cola production in the USSR in 1973, the formula was revised.[4]

The drink was developed with Moscow 1980 Olympics in mind, as the western soda companies did not operate in USSR. The drink was named after Lake Baikal,[5] as a symbol of purity and unique nature.[6] The Baikal's formula was redesigned after Pepsi entered USSR markets in 1973.[1] Baikal was the official drink of the Moscow Olympics of 1980.[7]

In Moscow in the 1990s, it was nearly impossible to find Baikal; nevertheless, in Saint Petersburg the beverage's production was continued by the "Polustrovo" factory.

Baikal today

Currently there are several generic carbonated soft drinks with guarana extract containing caffeine under the name Baikal made by various companies – for instance SLCO GmbH (Siberia Group) in Germany. The degree of their similarity to the original Soviet Baikal drink is unknown.

The rights to the Baikal formula are owned by Russian government's Institute of Brewing, Drink and Wine Research Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт пивоваренной, безалкогольной и винодельческой промышленности – филиал ФГБНУ «Федеральный научный центр пищевых систем им. В.М. Горбатова» РАН, which licenses the production of Baikal. Currently the formula is licensed to Pepsi, Dohler and Ost-Aqua, amongst other smaller companies. The institute is developing new formulas for low calorie and diabetic friendly Baikal soft drink.[8]

One of the more known soda brands, which are inspired by the Baikal drink is WOSTOK (which means 'East' in Russian). According to the company, in 2009, a Dutch photographer who spent nearly two decades in Moscow relaunched the production of the drink in Germany having changed its design, taste and tradename.[9] Wostok's Tannenwald flavour claims to be based on the original 1973 recipe.[10]

The owner of the rights to the technology for manufacturing the concentrate of this drink and the trademark is the state institution "All-Russian Research Institute of the Brewing, Non-Alcoholic and Wine Industry".

Rospatent recognized the combined designation Baikal as of 1 May 2019 as a well-known trademark in the Russian Federation in respect of goods of class 32 of the Nice Classification "non-alcoholic carbonated drinks" in the name of Baikal LLC, Irkutsk.[11]

Aqualife

At present, industrial bottling of non-alcoholic carbonated drinks marked with a combined designation, including the word element "BAIKAL", is carried out on the basis of a license agreement at the LLC "PK" AQUALIFE " enterprise.[12]

OOO PK Aqualife currently manufactures several versions of Baikal soft drink, both in several brands of renewed recipes and also the original formula of 1977. The original recipe of the soda is sold under "Baikal 1977" trademark, where as the new improved recipe is sold as "Baikal". The company also manufactures multiple new versions which are based on the original 1977 recipe, such as vanilla and low calorie.[13]

In 2021, Coca-Cola sued Aqualife for Fantola, a Fanta competitor, according to Kommersant.[14]

Ingredients

1 liter glass bottle of Chernogolovka Baikal contains: Artesian water, sugar, extracts (eleutherococcus, black tea), caramel color (E150), natural flavors, acidity regulator citric acid, oils (cardamom, eucalyptus, lemon), preservative sodium benzoate.[15]

References

External links

• Технологическая инструкция по производству концентрата для напитка «Байкал» ТИ 18-6-26-85. Упрпиво Минпищепрома СССР. 1985 г.
• Официальный сайт ГУ ВНИИ ПБ и ВП
• Baikal Getränke GmbH official website

На других языках

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- [en] Baikal (drink)

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[ru] Байкал (напиток)

«Байка́л» — сильногазированный тонизирующий напиток, разработанный в СССР как местный аналог «Кока-колы» и «Пепси-колы».

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