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Hwajeon (화전; 花煎), or flower cake is a small Korean pan-fried rice cake.[1][2] It is made out of glutinous rice flour, honey and edible petals from seasonal flowers, such as rhododendron.[3] It is eaten during the festivals of Samjinnal and Buddha's Birthday.[4]

Hwajeon

Jindallae-hwajeon (pan-fried Korean rhododendron rice cakes)
Type	Jeon, tteok
Place of origin	Korea
Associated national cuisine	Korean cuisine
Main ingredients	Edible flowers, glutinous rice flour, honey
Cookbook: Hwajeon   Media: Hwajeon

Korean name
Hangul	화전
Hanja	花煎
Revised Romanization	hwajeon
McCune–Reischauer	hwajŏn
IPA	[hwa.dʑʌn]
Hangul	꽃부꾸미
Revised Romanization	kkot-bukkumi
McCune–Reischauer	kkot-pukkumi
IPA	[k͈ot̚.p͈u.k͈u.mi]
Hangul	꽃지지미
Revised Romanization	kkot-jijimi
McCune–Reischauer	kkot-chijimi
IPA	[k͈ot̚.t͈ɕi.dʑi.mi]

Etymology

The word hwajeon (화전; 花煎) is a compound noun made of the hanja character hwa (화; 花), meaning "flower", and the character jeon (전; 煎), meaning "a pan-fry".[5] The synonyms kkot-bukkumi (꽃부꾸미) and kkot-jijimi (꽃지지미) are also compounds of the native Korean word kkot (꽃), meaning "flower", and bukkumi (부꾸미), meaning a "pan-fried rice cake"; or kkot (꽃) and jijimi (지지미), meaning "pancake".[6][7]

Varieties and preparation

Hwajeon is made of edible petals from seasonal flowers. Typically, rhododendron, pear flower, goldenbell flower, cherry blossom, and violet are used in spring; rose is used in summer; and chrysanthemum and cockscomb are used in autumn.[1][3][5] In winter when flowers are scarce in Korea, alternatives like mugwort leaves, waterdropwort leaves, rock tripe, or jujubes are cut into flower shapes and used instead.[3]

There are two main ways of preparing hwajeon:

• Glutinous rice is seasoned with salt, pounded into fine flour, and kneaded with boiling water.[3] The dough is made into a small, round, flat shape and pan-fried in sesame oil.[2][3] Flower petals are placed and lightly pressed on the dough while frying on the griddle.[3]
• Fine glutinous rice flour is kneaded into thick dough and rolled into 5 mm (0.20 in) thick sheets.[3] Flower petals are then placed onto the dough, lightly pressed, and the sheets are cut with hwajeon-tong, a utensil similar to cookie cutter, with 5 cm (2.0 in) diameter.[3] The flower cakes are fried in sesame oil.[3] This method was used in Korean royal court cuisine.[3]

Fried flower cakes are soaked in honey to add sweetness and sprinkled with cinnamon powder.[3]

Hwajeon nori

Hwajeon nori, which literally translates to "flower cake play", is a tradition of going on a picnic in the mountains to watch the seasonal flowers during spring and autumn.[7]

In spring, women used to go on a picnic, carrying a glutinous rice flour and griddle near a stream on Samjinnal which falls on every third day of the third lunar month in the Korean calendar. They picked edible spring blossoms and made hwajeon. The variety made with rhododendron is regarded as the most representative hwajeon.[3] It is traditionally eaten with rhododendron punch consisting of the same flower floating in honeyed or magnolia berry water.[1][3]

Similarly, people enjoyed hwajeon nori in autumn, with hwajeon which is made with chrysanthemum flowers and leaves.[3] It was consumed with chrysanthemum wine or yuja punch. The custom is closely related to the Junggu, the traditional holiday falls on every ninth day of the ninth lunar month in the Korean calendar.[8][9]

These customs date back to the Three Kingdoms era (57 BCE ‒ 668 AD) and originated in Silla.[7]

See also

• Hwachae

References

На других языках

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[de] Hwajeon

Hwajeon (kor. 화전, Hanja .mw-parser-output .Hani{font-size:110%}花煎) ist eine traditionelle koreanische Speise. Sie besteht hauptsächlich aus Reismehl, welches zu Reiskuchen (tteok) verarbeitet wird und dann als Pfannkuchen in der Pfanne gebraten wird. Diese Pfannkuchen werden dann noch mit einer essbaren Blume (meist Chrysanthemen oder Rhododendron) verziert, die mitgebraten wird. Oft werden Hwajeon zum Frühlingsfest bzw. zum Herbstfest gegessen, wobei beim Herbstfest natürlich nur Herbstblumen auf den Kuchen kommen.

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- [en] Hwajeon

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